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Greenhouse gases consist of carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and water vapor.
The term “greenhouse gas” refers to gases in Earth’s atmosphere that trap heat. These gases allow sunlight to enter the atmosphere freely but absorb and trap infrared radiation (heat) emitted by the Earth’s surface, thereby contributing to the greenhouse effect. The major greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), ozone (O3), and water vapor (H2O).
These gases are crucial for maintaining Earth’s temperature and climate, but human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, have significantly increased their concentrations in the atmosphere, leading to enhanced global warming and climate change. Therefore, managing greenhouse gas emissions is a critical component of efforts to mitigate climate change impacts.